100x100/5: C4 Passaggio

Male “chest to head” female “chest to middle” (same acoustic phenomenon). Everyone can smoothly negotiate.

Three approaches:

• active physiological.

• active acoustic.

• stable physiological/passive acoustic.

Active physiological: deliberate pharyngeal/laryngeal changes. “Cover” perhaps. Yields distinct timbral changes: dated?

Active acoustic: singer attempts, mentally, to adjust vowels. Different vowels, different strategies. Extensive preoccupation. Complicated: achieves, at best, same as simpler…

Stable physiological, passive acoustic: pharyngeal space stable across passaggio, vowels passively migrate. No conscious pharyngeal/laryngeal manipulation: vowels adjust/turn by themselves, within space.

Try slide up 5th, scale down, over passaggio.

Oo, then ee, (open-throated vowels)

Pharynx kinaesthetically quiet, vowel migration noticed, not done.